Which components are included in a mortar mix?

A mortar mix typically includes hydrated lime, cement, water, and fine aggregate, which is usually sand. Each of these components serves a specific purpose in achieving the desired properties of the mortar.

Hydrated lime contributes to workability and flexibility, helping the mix to bond effectively to various building materials. It also improves the durability and resistance to weathering. Cement acts as the primary binding agent, providing the strength needed for the mortar once it cures. Water is essential for the hydration process, activating the cement and allowing the mix to achieve its strength. Fine aggregate, or sand, provides bulk to the mix and helps to ensure a smooth application as well as improves the overall performance.

The other choices do not provide a complete or appropriate mixture for mortar. For instance, sand and gravel with cement would more closely resemble a concrete mix rather than mortar. Cement and water alone would not create a workable paste suitable for binding masonry materials, and just hydrated lime and water would lack the necessary strength provided by the cement. Thus, the combination of all four components in option A creates a balanced and effective mortar mix.